Gas retort



.Aug.20,l929. H KOPPER$ v L725J48 GAS RETORT Original Filed July 8, 1921 Patented Aug. 20, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HEINRICH KOPPERS, F ESSEN-RUHR, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE KOPPERS DE- VELOPMENT CORPORATION, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

GAS REIORT.

Application filed July 8, 1921, Serial No. 483,142, and in Germany November 17, 1919. Renewed March 10, 1927.

This invention relates to retort ovens, more especially gas retorts of the type which embodies a plurality of retorts assembled in a joint envelope.

The object of the invention is to provide, in obliquely placed retort ovens, means for utilizing in each case the triangular space remaining between the regenerators and the slanting oven envelope above the same, in order to insert under the different heating flues stones or bricks provided with nozzleshaped openings, so that by using nozzle openings of different dimensions an exact admission to each burner place can be brought about. The fundamental idea in this connection conforms to the well known Koppers ovens (German patent 135827 where gas an air are also fed, prior to their combustion, to the different burner places through accurately dimensioned nozzles which can be inspected and, occasion arising, replaced through perforations 1n the oven ceiling. This construction, which has proved itself meanwhile and been generally recognized, cannot be apphed directly to such a retort oven, however, because here the available space does not very well permit of such accessibility from the top.

By providing the mentioned triangular space with strip-like guides which lead to the vertical side of the triangle, slidelike nozzles can be introduced here and pushed forward under the different heating fiues through openings provided at that point which can be closed again by plugs, the mentioned fundamental idea thus again being accomplished. In order to have these nozzles fit as tightly as possible in this connection into the lower openings of the heating flues, the latter are beveled off in a wedgeshaped manner towards the inlet side, so that the nozzle stone bears against them with its correspondingly shaped fitting surface and is rendered tight.

In addition to the general objects recited above, the invention has for further objects such other improvements or advantages in construction and operation as are found to obtain in the structures-and devices hereinafter described or claimed.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and showing, for purposes of exemplification, a preferred form and manner in which the invention is embodied and practised, but without limiting the claimed invention specifically to such illustrative instance or instances:

Figure 1 is a vertical section taken transversely of the retorts of a retort oven constructed in accordance with the improvements of the present invention; and

Figure 2 is a vertical section of the same taken in a plane parallel with the retorts.

Under the group of retorts 11 enclosed by the shell or envelope 10, regenerators 13 and 14 are located. By the partitions 12 and 12 individual heating flues are formed in the envelope 10 between the different retorts 11. The heat storers 14 have passages 23 which terminate in the distributing chambers 21, while the heat storcrs 13 are connected with the distributing chambers 25 by shafts 27. Now in the distributing chambers 21 and 25 shown as triangles in the longitudinal section, guides are formed by ribs 30 which lead outward to the openings 31, which can again be closed with brick closure members In these guides 30 slide the nozzle slides 33 which are of wedge-shaped form enabling them to be tightly pushed under the correspondingly beveled end of the heating flue mouths 23 or 27. The members 33 in this connection have a bore increasing or widening towards the bottom, whose maximum diameter corresponds to that of the-bore of 23 or 27, whose smallest diameter, however, is considerably smaller. A set of such nozzle members with different bores is made in each case in the first place, while intermediate stages can be produced in the respective nozzle members by means of a simple reaming tool. It is possible, therefore, to realize in actual practice any required fine graduation as between the different heating flues, in which connection, thanks to the tight fitting of the nozzle members against the lower mouths of the heating flues, the possibility of new sources of errors creeping in is prevented; for the sake of completeness, let it be mentioned that the lower ends of the heating flues could also be made horizontal and the tracks or paths 30 in the last end with a rising slant instead; the form of embodiment drawn, however, is the more perfect one.

As can be seen at once, this nozzle regulation in the first place has the advantage that all of the nozzles need to be operated from one end only of the oven, while, furthermore, all separating walls or partitions to be added subsequently are eliminated. Since in this connection com aratively small cross sections are involved, these can also be done justice to much more advantageously by properly dimensioned nozzles than by slides which are less suitable from the very. first and whose controlling edges always continue to suffer from wear in operation, to which must be added the leakage at the bearing surface as a further disturbing element.

I claim:

1. In a gas retort construction, in combination: a plurality of inclined retort chambers; heating flues surrounding said retort chambers; regenerators; chambers communicably connected respectively with said regenerators; ducts connecting said chambers with said flues; and nozzles communicably cooperating with said ducts, said nozzles being slidably movable in said chambers from the exterior of the structure, along guides to a point adjacent one end of the fiues and in communication therewith int-o such cooperating relations; substantially as specified.

2. In a gas retort construction, in combination: a lurality of inclined retort chain bers; heating fiues surrounding said retort chambers; regenerators; chambers communicably connected respectively with said regenerators; ducts connecting said chambers with said fiues; and nozzles insertable from one end of said chambers into communicably cooperating positions with respect to said ducts; substantially as specified,

3. Retort oven, principally for the production of gas, with several inclined retorts assembled in a common envelope and with vertical heating flues along opposite sides of the retorts communicating at their lower ends with longitudinal distributing channels, characterized by members with nozzleshaped bores corresponding to the cross secassembled in a common envelope, and with vertical heatingflues along opposite sides of the retortsand with regenerators below said heating fines and spaced therefrom by a triangular space, characterized by guides extending outwardly from the flues toward the exterior of the oven being provided in the triangular space between the heating flues and the regenerators and the retort envelope, nozzle members sliding in these guides which can be introduced through closable open ings, thus being capable of being pushed under the lower ends of the heating flues.

5. Retort oven according to claim 2, characterized by the lower mouths of the heating fiues being wedge shaped and by the nozzle members being of wedge shape, so that they can be pressed tightly against the correspondingly shaped fitting surfaces of the lower heating flue mouths.

6. A retort oven principally for the pro duction of gas with several inclined retorts assembled in a joint envelope and with vertical heating flues along opposite sides thereof and with regenerators below said vertical fines and spaced therefrom, characterized by nozzle guides extending outwardly from the fines toward the exterior of the oven being provided in the space between regenerators and vertical heating fiues thereabove, said vertical flues being arranged in stepped relation, there being a nozzle guide individual to each vertical flue and leading from the exterior of the oven to a point adjacent one end of the flue and a single nozzle slidable on each guide into operative relationship with its respective vertical fiue so as to conduct gas through the nozzle to the flue.

HEINRICH KOPPERS. 

